Quantum Cryptography: Pitfalls and Assets

Secure transmission of messages has been a major goal since ages, for which cryptography is used. Cryptography is a mathematical techniques used for secure communication. Classical cryptography is traditional means that comprises mathematical functions to restrict eavesdropping problem in communication. Quantum cryptography is a new approach towards secure communication which uses phenomenon of quantum mechanics. It incorporates Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and principle of photon polarization concepts of quantum mechanics with cryptographic techniques This paper compares classical cryptography with quantum cryptography and outlines the advantages and major limitations or problems quantum cryptography is currently facing.